Essential CNC Calculation Formulas You Should Know

In this article, we’ll explore essential formulas for trigonometry, cutting speed, feed rates, and more. You’ll gain practical insights to enhance your machining efficiency and accuracy. Get ready to unlock the secrets behind seamless metalworking!

CNC Calculation Formula

Table Of Contents

CNC Commonly Used Calculation Formula

I. The calculation of trigonometric

1.tgθ=b/a      ctgθ=a/b

2.Sinθ=b/c      Cos=a/c

II. Calculation of cutting speed

Vc=(πDS)/1000

  • Vc: linear velocity (m/min)
  • π: Circumference (3.14159)
  • D: Tool diameter (mm)
  • S: Rotational speed (rpm)

III. Calculation of the feed (F-value)

F=SZFz

  • F: Feed rate (mm/min)
  • S: Rotational speed (rpm)
  • Z: Number of blades
  • Fz: (actual feed per blade)

IV. Calculation of residue height

Scallop=(ae*ae)/8R

  • Scallop: Residue height(mm)
  • ae: XY  pitch(mm)
  • R: Tool radius(mm)

V. Calculation of slug holes

Φ=√2R2

X. Y=D/4

  • Φ: Diameter of slug holes(mm)
  • R: Tool radius (mm)
  • D: Tool diameter (mm)

VI. Calculation of material intake

Q=(aeapF)/1000

  • Q: The quantity of material taken(cm3/min)
  • ae: XY  pitch(mm)
  • ap: Z  pitch(mm)

VII. Calculation of the feed rate per blade

Fz=hm * √(D/ap )

  • Fz: Actual feed per blade
  • hm: theoretical feed per blade
  • ap:Z  pitch(mm)
  • D: Blade diameter (mm)

VIII. Die cutting edge processing method

Tooling depth = plate thickness – tool height + drill tip (0.3D)

  • D : Knife diameter

IX. Drill drilling time formula

T(min)=L(min)/N(rpm)*f(mm/rev)=πDL/1000vf

  • L: Full length of the drilling
  • N: Number of turns
  • f: feed volume factor
  • D: Bit diameter
  • v: Cutting speed

Drill factor table fz 

Dia. mmFeed knife mm/rev
1.6~3.20.025~0.075
3.2~6.40.05~0.15
6.4~12.80.10~0.25
12.8~250.175~0.375
>250.376~0.625

X. Formulas for calculating pipe teeth

1 inch = 25.4 mm.

XI. Horsepower (gun drill)

  • W = Md*N/97.410.
  • W: Power required (KW)
  • Md: torque (kg-cm)
  • N: Number of rotations (r.p.m.)

XII. The formula for calculating torque is as follows.

  • Md=1/20*f*ps*r2
  • f is the coefficient of feed mm/rev.
  • r is the drill radius (mm)
  • α: cutting resistance ratio ps. at small feed, general steel 500kg/m²; general cast iron 300kg/m²
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Shane
Author

Shane

Founder of MachineMFG

As the founder of MachineMFG, I have dedicated over a decade of my career to the metalworking industry. My extensive experience has allowed me to become an expert in the fields of sheet metal fabrication, machining, mechanical engineering, and machine tools for metals. I am constantly thinking, reading, and writing about these subjects, constantly striving to stay at the forefront of my field. Let my knowledge and expertise be an asset to your business.

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