![Formule de calcul du tonnage de la presse](https://www.machinemfg.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Press-Tonnage-Calculation-Formula.jpg)
En tant que fabricant ou ingénieur, le choix du bon alliage métallique est crucial pour la réussite de votre projet. Dans cet article de blog, nous nous plongeons dans le monde des alliages de cuivre, en particulier le laiton et le bronze au béryllium, en fournissant un tableau complet de conversion de la dureté et de la résistance à la traction. Que vous soyez un professionnel chevronné ou un débutant, cette ressource précieuse vous aidera à prendre des décisions éclairées et à assurer une sélection optimale des matériaux pour vos applications.
En tant que fabricant ou ingénieur, il est essentiel de comprendre la dureté et la résistance des différents alliages métalliques pour sélectionner le matériau adéquat pour votre projet. Dans cet article de blog, nous nous plongeons dans le monde des alliages de cuivre, en particulier le laiton et le bronze au béryllium, et fournissons un tableau de conversion complet de leurs valeurs de dureté et de résistance à la traction.
Lecture connexe : Tableau de conversion de la dureté : HLD, HRC, HRB, HV, HB, HSD
Que vous soyez un professionnel chevronné ou que vous débutiez dans le secteur, ces informations constituent une ressource précieuse que vous ne voudrez pas manquer.
Alors, commençons !
(Extrait de GB/T3771-1983)
Tableau 1
Dureté | Résistance à la traction /MPa | ||||||||
Brinell | Vickers | Rockwell | Surface Rockwell | Laiton | |||||
HB30D2 | d10,2d5,4d2.5 /mm | HV | HRB | HRF | HR15T | HR30T | HR45T | Assiette | Tige |
σb | σb | ||||||||
90.0 | 6.159 | 90.5 | 53.7 | 87.1 | 77.2 | 50.8 | 26.7 | - | - |
92.0 | 6.100 | 92.6 | 54.2 | 87.4 | 77.4 | 51.2 | 27.2 | - | - |
94.0 | 6.042 | 94.7 | 54.8 | 87.7 | 77.6 | 51.6 | 27.7 | - | - |
96.0 | 5.986 | 96.8 | 55.5 | 88.1 | 77.8 | 52.0 | 28.4 | - | - |
98.0 | 5.931 | 98.9 | 56.2 | 88.5 | 78.0 | 52.5 | 29.1 | - | - |
100.0 | 5.878 | 101.0 | 57.1 | 89.1 | 78.3 | 53.2 | 30.1 | - | - |
102.0 | 5.826 | 103.1 | 58.0 | 89.6 | 78.6 | 53.8 | 31.0 | - | - |
104.0 | 5.775 | 105.1 | 58.9 | 90.1 | 78.9 | 54.4 | 31.9 | - | - |
106.0 | 5.726 | 107.2 | 60.0 | 90.7 | 79.2 | 55.1 | 32.9 | - | - |
108.0 | 5.678 | 109.3 | 61.0 | 91.3 | 79.6 | 55.8 | 33.9 | - | - |
110.0 | 5.631 | 111.4 | 62.1 | 91.9 | 79.9 | 56.5 | 35.0 | 379 | 392 |
112.0 | 5.585 | 113.5 | 63.2 | 92.6 | 80.3 | 574 | 36.2 | 382 | 397 |
114.0 | 5.541 | 115.6 | 64.3 | 93.2 | 80.6 | 58.1 | 37.2 | 386 | 403 |
116.0 | 5.497 | 117.7 | 65.4 | 93.8 | 81.0 | 58.8 | 38.2 | 390 | 408 |
118.0 | 5.454 | 119.8 | 66.6 | 94.5 | 81.4 | 59.6 | 39.4 | 394 | 414 |
120.0 | 5.413 | 121.9 | 67.7 | 95.1 | 84.7 | 60.3 | 40.5 | 398 | 420 |
122.0 | 5.372 | 124.0 | 68.8 | 95.8 | 82.1 | 61.2 | 41.7 | 402 | 425 |
124.0 | 5.332 | 126.1 | 69.9 | 96.4 | 82.5 | 61.9 | 42.7 | 407 | 431 |
126.0 | 5.293 | 128.2 | 71.0 | 97.0 | 82.8 | 62.6 | 43.7 | 412 | 437 |
128.0 | 5.255 | 130.3 | 72.1 | 97.7 | 83.2 | 63.4 | 4.9 | 417 | 443 |
130.0 | 5.218 | 132.4 | 73.1 | 98.2 | 83.5 | 64.0 | 45.8 | 422 | 449 |
132.0 | 5.181 | 134.5 | 74.1 | 98.8 | 83.8 | 64.7 | 46.8 | 428 | 456 |
134.0 | 5.145 | 136.6 | 75.1 | 99.4 | 84.1 | 65.5 | 47.9 | 434 | 462 |
136.0 | 5.110 | 138.6 | 76.1 | 100.0 | 84.5 | 66.2 | 48.9 | 440 | 468 |
138.0 | 5.076 | 140.7 | 77.0 | 100.5 | 84.8 | 66.8 | 49.8 | 446 | 475 |
140.0 | 5.042 | 142.8 | 77.9 | 101.0 | 85.0 | 67.4 | 50.6 | 453 | 481 |
142.0 | 5.009 | 144.9 | 78.8 | 101.5 | 85.3 | 67.9 | 51.5 | 460 | 488 |
144.0 | 4.977 | 147.0 | 79.7 | 102.0 | 85.6 | 68.5 | 52.3 | 467 | 495 |
146.0 | 4.945 | 149.1 | 80.5 | 102.5 | 85.8 | 69.1 | 53.2 | 474 | 502 |
148.0 | 4.914 | 151.2 | 81.2 | 102.9 | 86.1 | 69.6 | 53.9 | 482 | 509 |
150.0 | 4.883 | 153.3 | 82.0 | 103.3 | 86.3 | 70.1 | 54.6 | 489 | 516 |
152.0 | 4.853 | 155.4 | 82.7 | 103.7 | 86.6 | 70.6 | 55.3 | 498 | 523 |
154.0 | 4.823 | 157.5 | 83.3 | 104.1 | 86.8 | 71.0 | 56.0 | 506 | 530 |
156.0 | 4.794 | 159.6 | 84.0 | 104.5 | 87.0 | 71.5 | 56.6 | 514 | 537 |
158.0 | 4.766 | 161.7 | 84.6 | 104.8 | 87.2 | 71.9 | 57.2 | 523 | 545 |
160.0 | 4.738 | 163.8 | 85.2 | 105.2 | 87.4 | 72.3 | 57.9 | 532 | 552 |
162.0 | 4.710 | 165.9 | 85.7 | 105.5 | 87.6 | 72.7 | 58.4 | 541 | 560 |
164.0 | 4.683 | 168.0 | 86.3 | 105.8 | 87.7 | 73.1 | 58.9 | 551 | 567 |
166.0 | 4.657 | 170.1 | 86.8 | 106.1 | 87.9 | 73.4 | 59.4 | 561 | 575 |
168.0 | 4.631 | 172.1 | 87.4 | 106.4 | 88.1 | 73.8 | 59.9 | 571 | 583 |
Tableau 2
Dureté | Résistance à la traction /MPa | ||||||||||||||
Brinell | Vickers | Rockwell | Surface Rockwell | Laiton | Bronze au béryllium | ||||||||||
HB30D2 | d10、2d5、4d2.5/mm | HV | HRB | HRF | HR15T | HR30T | HR45T | Assiette | Tige | Assiette | Tige | ||||
σb | σb | σb | σ0.2 | σ0.01 | σb | σ0.2 | σ0.01 | ||||||||
170.0 | 4.605 | 174.2 | 87.9 | 106.7 | 88.2 | 74.1 | 60.4 | 581 | 591 | 556 | 476 | 332 | 662 | 374 | 291 |
172.0 | 4.580 | 176.3 | 88.4 | 107.0 | 88.4 | 74.5 | 61.0 | 591 | 599 | 562 | 482 | 337 | 667 | 382 | 297 |
174.0 | 4.555 | 178.4 | 88.8 | 107.2 | 88.5 | 74.7 | 61.3 | 602 | 607 | 569 | 489 | 342 | 673 | 390 | 303 |
176.0 | 4.530 | 180.5 | 89.3 | 107.5 | 88.7 | 75.1 | 61.8 | 613 | 615 | 576 | 496 | 347 | 678 | 398 | 09 |
178.0 | 4.506 | 182.6 | 89.8 | 107.8 | 89.8 | 75.4 | 62.3 | 624 | 624 | 582 | 503 | 352 | 683 | 406 | 314 |
180.0 | 4.483 | 184.7 | 90.3 | 108.1 | 89.0 | 75.8 | 62.8 | 636 | 632 | 589 | 509 | 356 | 689 | 414 | 320 |
182.0 | 4.459 | 186.8 | 90.8 | 108.4 | 89.2 | 76.1 | 63.4 | 648 | 640 | 596 | 516 | 361 | 694 | 422 | 326 |
184.0 | 4.436 | 188.9 | 91.3 | 108.7 | 89.4 | 76.5 | 63.9 | 659 | 649 | 603 | 523 | 366 | 700 | 430 | 332 |
186.0 | 4.414 | 191.0 | 91.8 | 109.0 | 89.5 | 76.9 | 64.4 | 672 | 658 | 609 | 530 | 371 | 705 | 438 | 337 |
188.0 | 4.392 | 193.1 | 92.3 | 109.2 | 89.7 | 77.1 | 64.7 | 684 | 666 | 616 | 537 | 376 | 711 | 446 | 343 |
190.0 | 4.370 | 195.2 | 92.8 | 109.5 | 89.8 | 77.5 | 65.3 | 697 | 675 | 623 | 543 | 380 | 717 | 454 | 349 |
192.0 | 4.348 | 197.3 | 93.3 | 109.8 | 90.0 | 77.8 | 65.8 | 710 | 684 | 630 | 550 | 385 | 722 | 462 | 355 |
194.0 | 4.327 | 199.4 | 93.9 | 110.2 | 90.2 | 78.3 | 66.5 | 723 | 693 | 637 | 557 | 390 | 728 | 470 | 360 |
196.0 | 4.306 | 201.5 | 94.4 | 110.4 | 90.3 | 78.5 | 66.8 | 736 | 702 | 643 | 564 | 395 | 734 | 478 | 366 |
198.0 | 4.285 | 203.5 | 95.0 | 110.8 | 90.6 | 79.0 | 67.5 | 750 | 712 | 650 | 570 | 400 | 740 | 486 | 372 |
200.0 | 4.265 | 205.6 | 95.6 | 111.1 | 90.7 | 79.4 | 68.0 | 764 | 721 | 657 | 577 | 404 | 746 | 494 | 378 |
202.0 | 4.244 | 207.7 | 95.3 | 111.5 | 90.9 | 79.8 | 68.7 | - | - | 664 | 584 | 409 | 752 | 502 | 383 |
204.0 | 4.225 | 209.8 | 95.8 | 111.8 | 91.2 | 80.2 | 69.2 | - | - | 671 | 591 | 414 | 758 | 510 | 389 |
206.0 | 4.205 | 211.9 | 97.5 | 112.2 | 91.4 | 80.7 | 69.9 | - | - | 678 | 598 | 419 | 764 | 518 | 395 |
208.0 | 4.186 | 214.0 | 98.1 | 112.6 | 91.6 | 81.1 | 70.6 | - | - | 685 | 604 | 424 | 770 | 526 | 401 |
210.0 | 4.167 | 216.1 | 98.8 | 113.0 | 91.8 | 81.6 | 71.3 | - | - | 692 | 611 | 428 | 776 | 534 | 406 |
Dureté | Résistance à la traction /MPa | ||||||||||||
Brinell | Vickers | Rockwell | Surface Rockwell | Bronze au béryllium | |||||||||
HB30D2 | d10,2d5,4d2.5 /mm | HV | HRC | HRA | HR15N | HR30N | HR45N | Assiette | Tige | ||||
σb | σ0.2 | σ0.01 | σb | σ0.2 | σ0.01 | ||||||||
212.0 | 4.148 | 218.2 | 18.0 | 59.2 | 69.7 | 38.9 | 17.3 | 699 | 618 | 433 | 782 | 542 | 412 |
214.0 | 4.129 | 220.3 | 18.4 | 59.4 | 68.2 | 39.2 | 17.8 | 706 | 625 | 438 | 789 | 550 | 418 |
216.0 | 4.111 | 222.4 | 18.8 | 59.6 | 68.4 | 39.6 | 18.3 | 713 | 631 | 443 | 795 | 558 | 424 |
218.0 | 4.093 | 224.5 | 19.1 | 59.8 | 68.5 | 39.9 | 18.6 | 720 | 638 | 447 | 801 | 566 | 429 |
220.0 | 4.075 | 226.6 | 19.5 | 60.0 | 68.8 | 40.3 | 19.1 | 727 | 645 | 452 | 808 | 574 | 435 |
288.0 | 3.581 | 297.8 | 30.7 | 65.7 | 75.1 | 50.9 | 32.1 | 973 | 875 | 615 | 1047 | 845 | 631 |
290.0 | 3.569 | 299.9 | 31.0 | 65.8 | 75.2 | 51.2 | 32.5 | 980 | 882 | 620 | 1054 | 852 | 637 |
292.0 | 3.557 | 301.9 | 31.2 | 65.9 | 75.4 | 51.4 | 32.7 | 988 | 889 | 625 | 1062 | 860 | 642 |
294.0 | 3.545 | 304.0 | 31.5 | 66.1 | 75.5 | 51.7 | 33.1 | 995 | 896 | 630 | 1070 | 868 | 648 |
296.0 | 3.534 | 306.1 | 31.8 | 66.2 | 75.7 | 51.9 | 33.4 | 1003 | 902 | 634 | 1077 | 876 | 654 |
298.0 | 3.522 | 308.2 | 32.1 | 66.4 | 75.9 | 52.2 | 33.8 | 1010 | 909 | 639 | 1085 | 884 | 660 |
300.0 | 3.511 | 310.3 | 32.4 | 66.5 | 76.0 | 52.5 | 34.1 | 1018 | 916 | 644 | 1093 | 892 | 665 |
302.0 | 3.500 | 312.4 | 32.7 | 66.7 | 76.2 | 52.8 | 34.4 | 1026 | 923 | 649 | 1100 | 900 | 671 |
304.0 | 3.489 | 314.5 | 33.0 | 66.9 | 76.4 | 53.1 | 34.8 | 1033 | 929 | 654 | 1108 | 908 | 677 |
306.0 | 3.478 | 316.6 | 33.2 | 67.0 | 76.5 | 53.3 | 35.0 | 1041 | 936 | 658 | 1116 | 916 | 683 |
308.0 | 3.467 | 318.7 | 33.5 | 67.1 | 76.7 | 53.6 | 35.4 | 1048 | 943 | 663 | 1124 | 924 | 688 |
310.0 | 3.456 | 320.8 | 33.8 | 67.3 | 76.8 | 53.8 | 35.7 | 1056 | 950 | 668 | 1131 | 932 | 694 |
312.0 | 3.445 | 322.9 | 34.1 | 67.4 | 77.0 | 54.1 | 36.1 | 1064 | 957 | 673 | 1139 | 940 | 700 |
314.0 | 3.434 | 325.0 | 34.3 | 67.5 | 77.1 | 54.3 | 36.3 | 1071 | 963 | 677 | 1147 | 948 | 706 |
316.0 | 3.424 | 327.1 | 34.6 | 67.7 | 77.3 | 54.6 | 36.7 | 1079 | 970 | 682 | 1155 | 956 | 711 |
318.0 | 3.413 | 329.2 | 34.9 | 67.8 | 77.4 | 54.9 | 7.0 | 1087 | 977 | 687 | 1163 | 964 | 717 |
320.0 | 3.403 | 331.3 | 35.2 | 68.0 | 77.6 | 55.2 | 37.4 | 1094 | 984 | 692 | 1171 | 972 | 723 |
322.0 | 3.393 | 333.4 | 35.4 | 68.1 | 77.7 | 55.4 | 37.6 | 1102 | 990 | 697 | 1179 | 980 | 729 |
324.0 | 3.383 | 335.4 | 35.7 | 68.2 | 77.9 | 55.6 | 38.0 | 1110 | 997 | 701 | 1187 | 988 | 734 |
326.0 | 3.372 | 337.5 | 36.0 | 68.4 | 78.1 | 55.9 | 38.3 | 1117 | 1004 | 706 | 1195 | 996 | 740 |
328.0 | 3.636 | 339.6 | 36.2 | 68.5 | 78.2 | 56.1 | 38.5 | 1125 | 1011 | 711 | 1203 | 1004 | 746 |
330.0 | 3.353 | 341.7 | 36.5 | 68.6 | 78.3 | 56.4 | 38.9 | 1133 | 1018 | 716 | 1210 | 1012 | 752 |
332.0 | 3.343 | 343.8 | 36.7 | 68.7 | 78.5 | 56.6 | 39.1 | 1141 | 1024 | 721 | 1218 | 1020 | 757 |
334.0 | 3.333 | 345.9 | 37.0 | 68.9 | 78.6 | 56.9 | 39.5 | 1149 | 1031 | 725 | 1227 | 1028 | 763 |
336.0 | 3.323 | 348.0 | 37.3 | 69.0 | 78.8 | 57.1 | 39.8 | 1156 | 1038 | 730 | 1235 | 1036 | 769 |
338.0 | 3.314 | 350.1 | 37.5 | 69.1 | 78.9 | 57.3 | 40.1 | 1164 | 1045 | 735 | 1243 | 1044 | 775 |
340.0 | 3.304 | 352.2 | 37.8 | 69.3 | 79.1 | 57.6 | 40.4 | 1172 | 1051 | 740 | 1251 | 1052 | 780 |
342.0 | 3.295 | 354.3 | 38.0 | 69.4 | 79.2 | 57.8 | 40.6 | 1180 | 1058 | 745 | 1259 | 1060 | 786 |
344.0 | 3.286 | 36.4 | 38.3 | 69.5 | 79.3 | 58.1 | 41.0 | 1188 | 1065 | 749 | 1267 | 1068 | 792 |
346.0 | 3.276 | 358.5 | 38.5 | 69.7 | 79.5 | 58.3 | 41.2 | 1196 | 1072 | 754 | 1275 | 1076 | 798 |
348.0 | 3.267 | 360.6 | 38.8 | 69.8 | 79.6 | 58.6 | 41.6 | 1204 | 1079 | 759 | 1283 | 1084 | 803 |
350.0 | 3.258 | 362.7 | 39.0 | 69.9 | 79.8 | 58.8 | 41.8 | 1211 | 1085 | 764 | 1291 | 1091 | 809 |
352.0 | 3.249 | 364.8 | 39.3 | 70.1 | 79.9 | 59.0 | 42.2 | 1219 | 1092 | 769 | 1299 | 1099 | 815 |
354.0 | 3.240 | 366.9 | 39.5 | 70.2 | 80.1 | 59.2 | 42.4 | 1227 | 1099 | 773 | 1307 | 1107 | 821 |
356.0 | 3.231 | 368.9 | 39.9 | 70.4 | 80.2 | 59.6 | 42.9 | 1235 | 1106 | 778 | 1316 | 1115 | 826 |
358.0 | 3.223 | 371.0 | 40.2 | 70.5 | 80.4 | 59.9 | 43.2 | 1243 | 1112 | 783 | 1324 | 1123 | 832 |
360.0 | 3.214 | 373.1 | 40.4 | 70.6 | 80.5 | 60.1 | 43.4 | 1251 | 1119 | 788 | 1332 | 1131 | 838 |
362.0 | 3.205 | 375.2 | 40.6 | 70.7 | 80.7 | 60.3 | 43.7 | 1259 | 1126 | 792 | 1340 | 1139 | 844 |
364.0 | 3.197 | 377.3 | 40.9 | 70.9 | 80.8 | 60.6 | 44.0 | 1267 | 1133 | 797 | 1348 | 1147 | 849 |
366.0 | 3.188 | 379.4 | 41.1 | 71.0 | 80.9 | 60.8 | 44.2 | 1275 | 1139 | 802 | 1356 | 1155 | 855 |
368.0 | 3.180 | 381.5 | 41.3 | 71.1 | 81.0 | 60.9 | 44.5 | 1283 | 1146 | 807 | 1365 | 1163 | 864 |
370.0 | 3.171 | 383.6 | 41.5 | 71.2 | 81.1 | 61.1 | 44.7 | 1294 | 1153 | 812 | 1373 | 1171 | 867 |
372.0 | 3.163 | 385.7 | 41.7 | 71.3 | 81.3 | 61.3 | 44.9 | 1299 | 1160 | 816 | 1381 | 1179 | 872 |
374.0 | 3.155 | 387.8 | 42.0 | 71.4 | 81.4 | 61.6 | 45.3 | 1307 | 1167 | 821 | 1389 | 1187 | 878 |
376.0 | 3.147 | 389.9 | 42.2 | 71.5 | 81.5 | 61.8 | 45.5 | 1315 | 1173 | 826 | 1397 | 1195 | 884 |
378.0 | 3.138 | 392.0 | 42.4 | 71.6 | 81.7 | 62.0 | 45.8 | 1324 | 1180 | 831 | 1406 | 1203 | 890 |
380.0 | 3.130 | 394.1 | 42.7 | 71.8 | 81.8 | 62.3 | 46.1 | 1332 | 1187 | 836 | 1414 | 1211 | 895 |
382.0 | 3.122 | 396.2 | 42.9 | 71.9 | 81.9 | 62.5 | 46.3 | 1340 | 1194 | 840 | 1422 | - | - |
384.0 | 3.114 | 398.3 | 43.2 | 72.0 | 82.1 | 62.7 | 46.7 | 1348 | 1200 | 845 | 1430 | - | - |
386.0 | 3.107 | 400.3 | 43.4 | 72.1 | 82.2 | 62.9 | 46.9 | 1356 | 1207 | 850 | 1438 | - | - |
388.0 | 3.099 | 402.4 | 43.6 | 72.2 | 82.3 | 63.1 | 47.2 | 1364 | 1214 | 855 | 1447 | - | - |
390.0 | 3.091 | 404.5 | 43.9 | 72.4 | 82.5 | 63.4 | 47.5 | 1372 | 1221 | 860 | 1455 | - | - |
392.0 | 3.083 | 406.6 | 44.1 | 72.5 | 82.6 | 63.6 | 47.7 | 1381 | 1228 | 864 | 1463 | - | - |
394.0 | 3.076 | 408.7 | 44.3 | 72.6 | 82.7 | 63.8 | 48.0 | 1389 | 1234 | 869 | 1471 | - | - |
396.0 | 3.068 | 410.8 | 44.6 | 72.8 | 82.9 | 64.1 | 48.3 | 1397 | 1241 | 874 | 1480 | - | - |
398.0 | 3.061 | 412.9 | 44.8 | 72.9 | 83.0 | 64.3 | 48.6 | 1405 | 1248 | 879 | 1488 | - | - |
400.0 | 3.053 | 415.0 | 45.0 | 73.0 | 83.1 | 64.4 | 48.8 | 1413 | 1255 | 884 | 1496 | - | - |
402.0 | 3.046 | 417.1 | 45.3 | 73.1 | 83.3 | 64.7 | 49.1 | 1422 | - | - | 1504 | - | - |
404.0 | 3.038 | 419.2 | 45.5 | 73.2 | 83.4 | 64.9 | 49.4 | 1430 | - | - | 1512 | - | - |
406.0 | 3.031 | 421.3 | 45.7 | 73.3 | 83.5 | 65.1 | 49.6 | 1438 | - | - | 1521 | - | - |
408.0 | 3.024 | 423.4 | 45.9 | 73.4 | 83.6 | 65.3 | 49.8 | 1447 | - | - | 1529 | - | - |
410.0 | 3.017 | 425.5 | 46.2 | 73.6 | 83.8 | 65.6 | 50.2 | 1455 | - | - | 1537 | - | - |
412.0 | 3.009 | 427.6 | 46.4 | 73.7 | 83.9 | 65.8 | 50.4 | 1463 | - | - | 1545 | - | - |
414.0 | 3.002 | 429.7 | 46.6 | 73.8 | 84.0 | 66.0 | 50.7 | 1472 | - | - | 1553 | - | - |
416.0 | 2.995 | 431.8 | 4.8 | 73.9 | 84.1 | 66.2 | 50.9 | 1480 | - | - | 1562 | - | - |
418.0 | 2.988 | 433.8 | 47.0 | 74.0 | 84.3 | 66.4 | 51.1 | 1488 | - | - | 1570 | - | - |
420.0 | 2.981 | 435.9 | 47.3 | 74.1 | 84.4 | 66.6 | 51.5 | 1497 | - | - | 1578 | - | - |
En tant que fondateur de MachineMFG, j'ai consacré plus d'une décennie de ma carrière à l'industrie métallurgique. Ma vaste expérience m'a permis de devenir un expert dans les domaines de la fabrication de tôles, de l'usinage, de l'ingénierie mécanique et des machines-outils pour les métaux. Je suis constamment en train de réfléchir, de lire et d'écrire sur ces sujets, m'efforçant constamment de rester à la pointe de mon domaine. Laissez mes connaissances et mon expertise être un atout pour votre entreprise.