Metal Mechanical Properties Chart: Shear Strength, Tensile Strength, Yield Strength

To cater to the requirements of our readers, we have developed a table of mechanical properties for a range of ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

Related reading: Ferrous vs Non-ferrous Metals

Mechanical Properties Chart of Ferrous Metals

(1) Metal Shear Strength, Tensile Strength, Elongation, Yield Strength & Elastic Modulus Chart

(2) Steel Shear Strength of Steel When Heated

Note: When determining the shear strength of a material, it is important to take into account the stamping temperature, which is typically 150~200℃ lower than the heating temperature.

Mechanical Properties Chart of Non-ferrous Metals

3. Shear Strength for Various Metals

(1) Shear Strength for Ferrous Metals

Here is the shear strength information for various metals:

1. Industrial Pure Iron for Electricians (DT1, DT2, DT3): Shear Strength – 180 MPa (annealed)
2. Electrical Silicon Steel (D11, D12, D21, D31, D32, D370, D310, S41~48): Shear Strength – 190 MPa (annealed)
3. Ordinary Carbon Steel (Q195): Shear Strength – 260~320 MPa (unannealed)
4. Ordinary Carbon Steel (Q215): Shear Strength – 270~340 MPa
5. Ordinary Carbon Steel (Q235): Shear Strength – 310~380 MPa
6. Ordinary Carbon Steel (Q255): Shear Strength – 340~420 MPa
7. Ordinary Carbon Steel (Q275): Shear Strength – 400~500 MPa
8. Carbon Tool Steel (08F): Shear Strength – 220~310 MPa (annealed)
9. Carbon Tool Steel (10F): Shear Strength – 260~360 MPa
10. Carbon Tool Steel (15F): Shear Strength – 220~340 MPa
11. Carbon Tool Steel (08): Shear Strength – 260~340 MPa
12. Carbon Tool Steel (10): Shear Strength – 250~370 MPa
13. Carbon Tool Steel (15): Shear Strength – 270~380 MPa
14. Carbon Tool Steel (20): Shear Strength – 280~400 MPa
15. Carbon Tool Steel (25): Shear Strength – 320~440 MPa
16. Carbon Tool Steel (30): Shear Strength – 360~480 MPa
17. Carbon Tool Steel (35): Shear Strength – 400~520 MPa
18. Carbon Tool Steel (40): Shear Strength – 420~540 MPa
19. Carbon Tool Steel (45): Shear Strength – 440~560 MPa
20. Carbon Tool Steel (50): Shear Strength – 440~580 MPa (normalized)
21. Carbon Tool Steel (55): Shear Strength – 550 MPa (≥670)
22. Carbon Tool Steel (60): Shear Strength – 600 MPa (≥730)
23. Carbon Tool Steel (70): Shear Strength – 600 MPa (≥760)
24. Carbon Tool Steel (T7~T12, T7A~T12A): Shear Strength – 600 MPa (annealed), 600~950 MPa (cold hardened)
25. High-Quality Carbon Steel (10Mn): Shear Strength – 320~460 MPa (annealed)
26. High-Quality Carbon Steel (65Mn): Shear Strength – 600 MPa
27. Alloy Structural Steel (25CrMnSiA, 25CrMnSi): Shear Strength – 400~560 MPa (low-temperature annealed)
28. Alloy Structural Steel (30CrMnSiA, 30CrMnSi): Shear Strength – 440~600 MPa
29. Quality Spring Steel (60Si2Mn, 60Si2MnA, 65SiWAl): Shear Strength – 720 MPa (low-temperature annealed), 640~960 MPa (cold hardened)
30. Stainless Steel (1Cr13): Shear Strength – 320~380 MPa (annealed)
31. Stainless Steel (2Cr13): Shear Strength – 320~400 MPa
32. Stainless Steel (3Cr13): Shear Strength – 400~480 MPa
33. Stainless Steel (4Cr13): Shear Strength – 400~480 MPa
34. Stainless Steel (1Cr18Ni19, 2Cr18Ni19): Shear Strength – 460~520 MPa (heat-treated), 800~880 MPa (rolled, cold-hardened)
35. Stainless Steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti): Shear Strength – 430~550 MPa (Heat-treated softened)

(2) Shear Strength for Non-ferrous Metals

Continuing with the shear strength information for Non-ferrous Metals as listed in the “Metal Mechanical Properties Chart” on MachineMfg.com:

36. Aluminum (1070A, 1050A, 1200):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 80 MPa
    • Cold Hardened: Shear Strength – 100 MPa
37. Aluminum Manganese Alloys (3A21):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 70~100 MPa
    • Semi-Cold Hardened: Shear Strength – 100~140 MPa
38. Aluminum-Magnesium-Copper Alloy (SA02):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 130~160 MPa
    • Semi-Cold Hardened: Shear Strength – 160~200 MPa
39. High Strength Aluminum-Magnesium-Copper Alloy (7A04):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 170 MPa
    • Hardened and Artificially Aged: Shear Strength – 350 MPa
40. Magnesium-Manganese Alloy (MB1, MB8):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 120~140 MPa
    • Cold Hardened: Shear Strength – 190~200 MPa
41. Rigid Aluminum (2Al12):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 105~150 MPa
    • Hardened with Natural Aging: Shear Strength – 280~310 MPa
    • Cold Hardened after Hardening: Shear Strength – 280~320 MPa
42. Pure Copper (T1, T2, T3):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 160 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 240 MPa
43. Brass (H62):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 260 MPa
    • Semi-Hard: Shear Strength – 300 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 420 MPa
44. Brass (H68):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 240 MPa
    • Semi-Hard: Shear Strength – 280 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 400 MPa
45. Lead Brass (HPb59-1):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 300 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 400 MPa
46. Manganese Brass (HMn58-2):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 340 MPa
    • Semi-Hard: Shear Strength – 400 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 520 MPa
47. Tin-Phosphorus Bronze (QSn4-4-2.5, QSn4-3):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 260 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 480 MPa
    • Extra-Hard: Shear Strength – 500 MPa
48. Aluminum Bronze (QAl17):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 520 MPa
    • Un-Annealed: Shear Strength – 560 MPa
49. Aluminum Manganese Bronze (QAl9-2):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 360 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 480 MPa
50. Silicon-Manganese Bronze (QBi3-1):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 280~300 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 480~520 MPa
    • Extra-Hard: Shear Strength – 560~600 MPa
51. Beryllium Bronze (QBe2):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 240~480 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 520 MPa
52. Cupro-Nickel (B19):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 240 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 360 MPa
53. Nickel Silver (BZn15-20):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 280 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 400 MPa
    • Extra-Hard: Shear Strength – 520 MPa
54. German Silver (BZn15-20):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 300 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 480 MPa
    • Extra-Hard: Shear Strength – 560 MPa
55. Zinc (Zn-3 to Zn-6):
    • Shear Strength – 120~200 MPa
56. Lead (Pb-3 to Pb-6):
    • Shear Strength – 20~30 MPa
57. Tin (Sn1 to Sn4):
    • Shear Strength – 30~40 MPa
58. Titanium Alloy (TA2):
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 360~480 MPa
59. Titanium Alloy (TA3):
    • Shear Strength – 440~600 MPa
60. Titanium Alloy (TA5):
    • Shear Strength – 640~680 MPa
61. Magnesium Alloy (MB1, MB8 in Cold State):
    • MB1: Shear Strength – 120~140 MPa
    • MB8: Shear Strength – 150~180 MPa
62. Magnesium Alloy (MB1, MB8 Preheated at 300°C):
    • MB1: Shear Strength – 30~50 MPa
    • MB8: Shear Strength – 50~70 MPa
63. Silver:
    • Shear Strength – 180 MPa
64. Fungible Alloy (Ni29Co18):
    • Shear Strength – 400~500 MPa
65. Copper Constantan (BMn40-1.5):
    • Soft: Shear Strength – 400~600 MPa
    • Hard: Shear Strength – 650 MPa
66. Tungsten:
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 720 MPa
    • Un-Annealed: Shear Strength – 1491 MPa
67. Molybdenum:
    • Annealed: Shear Strength – 20~30 MPa
    • Un-Annealed: Shear Strength – 32~34 MPa

This comprehensive list covers a wide range of metals, providing essential information for applications where shear strength is a critical factor. This information is crucial for engineers and designers in selecting the appropriate materials for various applications based on shear strength requirements.

What are the international standards for steel shear strength testing?

The international standards for steel shear strength testing encompass the ASTM and ISO series. In the United States, there are multiple ASTM standards used for measuring shear strength, including ASTMB831, D732, D4255, D5379, and D7078. Internationally, ISO shear strength testing standards include ISO3597, 12579, and 14130. Additionally, there is the ISO 10123 standard, which is specific to steel.

Therefore, the primary international standards for steel shear strength testing are the relevant ones within the ASTM and ISO series.

What are the differences in shear strength between different types of steel (such as 45# steel, Q235 steel) in practical applications, and what causes these differences?

The differences in shear strength between 45# steel and Q235 steel in practical applications and their causes mainly reflect in their chemical compositions, mechanical properties, and applicable scenarios.

Firstly, in terms of chemical composition, Q235 steel is a low-carbon steel, with its carbon content around 0.2%, while 45# steel is a medium-carbon steel, with a carbon content of approximately 0.45%. These differences in chemical composition lead to variations in the performance of the two types of steel.

Secondly, regarding mechanical properties, the yield strength of Q235 steel is about 235MPa, whereas that of 45# steel is higher, reaching up to 355MPa. This indicates that 45# steel has a stronger ability to resist minor plastic deformation, meaning it has higher strength and hardness. Moreover, the permissible shear stress of Q235 steel is 98MPa, while the shear strength range of Q235 material is from 141 to 188 MPa, further demonstrating the relatively weaker shear performance of Q235 steel.

Finally, since 45# steel can enhance its strength and hardness after heat treatment through quenching, it is more suitable for scenarios requiring high load-bearing and good wear resistance, such as manufacturing mechanical parts. In contrast, due to its higher plasticity and lower strength, Q235 steel is more suitable for stretching, rolling processing, like making profiles, plates, etc.