Wat maakt roestvast staal zo essentieel in engineering en productie? Dit artikel beschrijft de fysische, chemische en mechanische eigenschappen van verschillende soorten roestvast staal. Van de chemische samenstelling tot mechanische sterkte en thermische eigenschappen, je krijgt een uitgebreid inzicht in waarom roestvast staal de voorkeur geniet in diverse toepassingen. Leer hoe verschillende soorten presteren onder stress, hun hittebestendigheid en specifieke toepassingen, zodat je de kennis hebt om het juiste type voor je project te kiezen.
Categorie | Rang | Chemische samenstelling (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
KS (JIS) | C | Cr | Ni | Mo | Anderen | |
Austenitisch | 301 | ≤0.15 | 16.0~18.0 | 6.00~8.00 | – | – |
301L | ≤0.030 | 16.0~18.0 | 6.00~8.00 | – | N≤0.20 | |
304 | ≤0.08 | 18.0~20.0 | 8.00~10.50 | – | – | |
304J1 | 0.02~0.05 | 16.5~17.1 | 7.5~7.9 | – | Cu1,9~2,2 | |
304L | ≤0.030 | 18.0~20.0 | 9.00~13.00 | – | – | |
304N1 | ≤0.08 | 18.0~20.0 | 7.00~10.50 | – | N0.10~0.25 | |
304N2 | ≤0.08 | 18.0~20.0 | 7.50~10.50 | – | Nb≤0,15 | |
316 | ≤0.08 | 16.0~18.0 | 10.00~14.00 | 2.00~3.00 | – | |
316L | ≤0.03 | 16.0~18.0 | 12.00~15.00 | – | – | |
321 | ≤0.08 | 17.0~19.0 | 9.00~13.00 | – | Ti5×C% | |
Ferritisch | 409L | ≤0.03 | 17.0~19.0 | – | – | Ti6×C%~0.75 |
410L | ≤0.03 | 11.0~13.5 | – | – | – | |
430 | ≤0.12 | 16.0~18.0 | – | – | – | |
430J1L | ≤0.025 | 16.0~20.0 | – | – | Nb8(C%+N%)~0.8Cu0.30~0.80 | |
436L | ≤0.025 | 16.0~19.0 | – | 0.75~1.25 | Ti, Nb, Zr8×(C%+N%)~0.8 | |
Martensitische | 410 | ≤0.15 | 11.5~13.5 | – | – | – |
420J1 | 0.16~0.25 | 12.0~14.0 | – | – | – | |
420J2 | 0.26~0.4 | 12.0~14.0 | – | – | – |
Categorie | Rang | Mechanische eigenschappen | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
KS (JIS) | Voorwaarden voor warmtebehandeling | Inwendige spanning (N/mm2 ) | Treksterkte (N/mm2 ) | Verlengingstarief (%) | Hardheid | |||
HB | HRB | HV | ||||||
Austenitisch | 301 | S | ≥205 | ≥520 | ≥40 | ≤207 | ≤95 | ≤218 |
301L | S | ≥215 | ≥550 | ≥45 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
304 | S | ≥205 | ≥520 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
304J1 | S | ≥155 | ≥450 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
304L | S | ≥175 | ≥480 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
304N1 | S | ≥275 | ≥550 | ≥35 | ≤217 | ≤95 | ≤200 | |
304N2 | S | ≥345 | ≥690 | ≥35 | ≤248 | ≤100 | ≤260 | |
316 | S | ≥205 | ≥520 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
316L | S | ≥175 | ≥480 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
321 | S | ≥205 | ≥520 | ≥40 | ≤187 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
Ferritisch | 409L | A | ≥175 | ≥360 | ≥25 | ≤162 | ≤80 | ≤175 |
410L | A | ≥195 | ≥360 | ≥22 | ≤183 | ≤88 | ≤200 | |
430 | A | ≥205 | ≥450 | ≥22 | ≤183 | ≤88 | ≤200 | |
430J1L | A | ≥205 | ≥390 | ≥22 | ≤192 | ≤90 | ≤200 | |
436L | A | ≥245 | ≥410 | ≥20 | ≤217 | ≤96 | ≤230 | |
Martensitische | 410 | A | ≥205 | ≥440 | ≥20 | ≤201 | ≤93 | ≤210 |
420J1 | A | ≥225 | ≥520 | ≥18 | ≤223 | ≤97 | ≤234 | |
420J2 | A | ≥225 | ≥540 | ≥18 | ≤235 | ≤99 | ≤247 |
Categorie | Rang | Fysische eigenschappen | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
KS (JIS) | Specifieke warmtecapaciteit (J/g°C) | Elastische Modulus×103 N/mm2 | Thermische Uitzettingscoëfficiënt ×10-6 cm/cm/0C (2.0~1000C) | Warmtegeleidingsvermogen W/m. 0C (1000C) | |
Austenitisch | 301 | 0.5 | 194 | 16.9 | 16.3 |
301L | 0.5 | 194 | 16.9 | 16.3 | |
304 | 0.5 | 194 | 17.3 | 16.3 | |
304J1 | 0.5 | 194 | 17.3 | 16.3 | |
304L | 0.5 | 194 | 17.3 | 16.3 | |
304N1 | 0.5 | 194 | 17.3 | 16.3 | |
304N2 | 0.5 | 194 | 17.3 | 16.3 | |
316 | 0.5 | 194 | 16 | 16.3 | |
316L | 0.5 | 193 | 16 | 16.3 | |
321 | 0.5 | 194 | 16.7 | 16.1 | |
Ferritisch | 409L | 0.46 | 200 | 11.7 | 24.9 |
410L | 0.46 | 200 | 9.9 | 25.1 | |
430 | 0.46 | 200 | 10.4 | 26.4 | |
430J1L | 0.46 | 200 | 10.4 | 25 | |
436L | 0.46 | 200 | 10.4 | 25 | |
Martensitische | 410 | 0.46 | 202 | 9.9 | 24.9 |
420J1 | 0.46 | 202 | 10.3 | 23.8 | |
420J2 | 0.46 | 202 | 10.3 | 23.8 |
Categorie | Rang | Vergelijkbare staalsoorten | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
KS (JIS) | UNS | AISI | DIN | ISO | |
Austenitisch | 301 | S30100 | 301 | ×12HN17 7 | 14 |
301L | – | – | ×2CrNi18 7 | – | |
304 | S30400 | 304 | ×5HN18 10 | 11 | |
304J1 | – | – | – | – | |
304L | S30403 | 304L | ×2CrNi19 11 | 10 | |
304N1 | S30451 | 304N | – | – | |
304N2 | S30452 | – | – | – | |
316 | S31600 | 316 | ×5HN17 12 2 | 20、20a | |
×5HN17 14 3 | |||||
316L | S31603 | 316L | ×2CrNiMo17 13 2 | 19、19a | |
×2CrNiMo17 14 3 | |||||
321 | S32100 | 321 | ×6HNT18 10 | 15H11 | |
Ferritisch | 409L | – | – | – | – |
410L | – | – | – | – | |
430 | S43000 | 430 | ×6Cr17 | 8、H4 | |
430J1L | – | – | – | – | |
436L | S43600 | 436 | – | – | |
Martensitische | 410 | S41000 | 410 | ×10Cr13 | 3 |
420J1 | S42000 | 420 | ×20Cr13 | 4 | |
420J2 | S42000 | 420 | ×20Cr13 | 5 |