Farklı tel ölçülerinin boyut ve direnç açısından nasıl karşılaştırıldığını hiç merak ettiniz mi? Bu makalede, Amerikan Tel Ölçüsü (AWG) sistemi, tarihçesi, ölçü numaralarının önemi ve tel çaplarının her adımda nasıl değiştiği detaylandırılarak incelenmektedir. Okuyarak tel özelliklerini daha iyi anlayacak, projeleriniz için doğru ölçüyü seçmenize yardımcı olacak ve verimli elektrik performansı sağlayacaksınız. Tel ölçüleri dünyasına dalın ve elektrik sistemlerimizin sorunsuz çalışmasını sağlayan hassas ölçümleri keşfedin.
AWG (American Wire Gauge), Brown & Sharpe tel ölçüsü olarak da bilinen tel çaplarını ayırt etmek için kullanılan bir standarttır.
Bu standartlaştırılmış tel ölçüsü sistemi 1857 yılında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. AWG'nin önündeki sayı (24 AWG, 26 AWG gibi), bir telin nihai çapına ulaşmadan önce geçmesi gereken delik sayısını temsil eder.
Sayı ne kadar büyükse, tel o kadar çok delikten geçer ve telin çapı o kadar küçük olur. SWG (Standart Tel Ölçüsü) tel ve kablo endüstrisindeki standartlardan biridir. BWG (Birmingham Wire Gauge), malzemenin kalınlığını veya çapını gösteren Birmingham tel ölçüsünü ifade eder.
Tel Ölçüsü | SWG | BWG | BG | AWG | ||||
İnç | mm | İnç | mm | İnç | mm | İnç | mm | |
7/0 | 0.5 | 12.7 | - | - | 0.6666 | 16.932 | - | - |
6/0 | 0.464 | 11.786 | - | - | 0.625 | 15.875 | 0.58 | 14.732 |
5/0 | 0.432 | 10.973 | 0.5 | 12.7 | 0.5883 | 14.943 | 0.5165 | 13.119 |
4/0 | 0.4 | 10.16 | 0.454 | 11.532 | 0.5416 | 13.757 | 0.46 | 11.684 |
3/0 | 0.372 | 9.449 | 0.425 | 10.795 | 0.5 | 12.7 | 0.4096 | 10.404 |
2/0 | 0.348 | 8.839 | 0.33 | 9.652 | 0.1152 | 11.308 | 0.3648 | 9.266 |
0 | 0.324 | 8.23 | 0.34 | 8.639 | 0.3954 | 10.069 | 0.3249 | 8.252 |
1 | 0.3 | 7.62 | 0.3 | 7.62 | 0.3532 | 8.971 | 0.2893 | 7.348 |
2 | 0.276 | 7.01 | 0.284 | 7.214 | 0.3147 | 7.993 | 0.2576 | 6.544 |
3 | 0.252 | 6.401 | 0.259 | 6.579 | 0.2804 | 7.122 | 0.2294 | 5.827 |
4 | 0.232 | 5.893 | 0.238 | 6.045 | 0.25 | 6.35 | 0.2043 | 5.189 |
5 | 0.212 | 5.385 | 0.22 | 5.588 | 0.2225 | 5.652 | 0.1819 | 4.621 |
6 | 0.192 | 4.877 | 0.203 | 5.156 | 0.1981 | 5.032 | 0.162 | 4.115 |
7 | 0.176 | 4.47 | 0.18 | 4.572 | 0.1764 | 4.481 | 0.1443 | 3.665 |
8 | 0.16 | 4.046 | 0.165 | 4.191 | 0.157 | 3.988 | 0.1285 | 3.264 |
9 | 0.144 | 3.658 | 0.148 | 3.759 | 0.1398 | 3.551 | 0.1144 | 2.906 |
10 | 0.128 | 3.251 | 0.134 | 3.404 | 0.125 | 3.175 | 0.1019 | 2.588 |
11 | 0.116 | 2.946 | 0.12 | 3.048 | 0.1313 | 2.827 | 0.0907 | 2.305 |
12 | 0.104 | 2.642 | 0.109 | 2.769 | 0.0991 | 2.517 | 0.0808 | 2.053 |
13 | 0.092 | 2.337 | 0.095 | 2.413 | 0.0882 | 2.24 | 0.072 | 1.828 |
14 | 0.08 | 2.032 | 0.083 | 2.108 | 0.0785 | 1.994 | 0.0648 | 1.628 |
15 | 0.072 | 1.829 | 0.072 | 1.829 | 0.0699 | 1.775 | 0.0571 | 1.45 |
16 | 0.064 | 1.626 | 0.065 | 1.651 | 0.0625 | 1.588 | 0.0508 | 1.291 |
17 | 0.056 | 1.422 | 0.058 | 1.473 | 0.0556 | 1.412 | 0.0453 | 1.15 |
18 | 0.048 | 1.219 | 0.049 | 1.245 | 0.0495 | 1.257 | 0.0403 | 1.024 |
19 | 0.04 | 1.016 | 0.042 | 1.067 | 0.044 | 1.118 | 0.0359 | 0.912 |
20 | 0.036 | 0.914 | 0.035 | 0.839 | 0.0392 | 0.996 | 0.032 | 0.812 |
21 | 0.032 | 0.813 | 0.032 | 0.813 | 0.0349 | 0.887 | 0.0285 | 0.723 |
22 | 0.028 | 0.711 | 0.028 | 0.711 | 0.03125 | 0.794 | 0.02535 | 0.644 |
23 | 0.024 | 0.61 | 0.025 | 0.635 | 0.02782 | 0.707 | 0.0201 | 0.573 |
24 | 0.022 | 0.559 | 0.022 | 0.559 | 0.02476 | 0.629 | 0.0179 | 0.511 |
25 | 0.02 | 0.508 | 0.02 | 0.508 | 0.02204 | 0.56 | 0.01594 | 0.455 |
26 | 0.018 | 0.457 | 0.018 | 0.457 | 0.01961 | 0.498 | 0.0142 | 0.405 |
27 | 0.0164 | 0.417 | 0.016 | 0.406 | 0.1745 | 0.443 | 0.0142 | 0.361 |
28 | 0.0149 | 0.376 | 0.014 | 0.356 | 0.01562 | 0.397 | 0.01264 | 0.321 |
29 | 0.0136 | 0.345 | 0.013 | 0.33 | 0.0139 | 0.353 | 0.01126 | 0.286 |
30 | 0.0124 | 0.315 | 0.012 | 0.305 | 0.0123 | 0.312 | 0.01003 | 0.255 |
31 | 0.0116 | 0.295 | 0.01 | 0.254 | 0.011 | 0.27 | 0.00893 | 0.227 |
32 | 0.0109 | 0.274 | 0.009 | 0.229 | 0.0098 | 0.249 | 0.00795 | 0.202 |
33 | 0.01 | 0.254 | 0.008 | 0.203 | 0.0087 | 0.221 | 0.00708 | 0.18 |
34 | 0.0092 | 0.234 | 0.007 | 0.178 | 0.0077 | 0.196 | 0.0063 | 0.16 |
35 | 0.0084 | 0.213 | 0.005 | 0.127 | 0.0069 | 0.175 | 0.00561 | 0.143 |
36 | 0.0076 | 0.193 | 0.004 | 0.102 | 0.0061 | 0.155 | 0.005 | 0.127 |
37 | 0.0068 | 0.173 | 0.0054 | 0.137 | 0.00445 | 0.113 | ||
38 | 0.006 | 0.152 | 0.0048 | 0.122 | 0.00396 | 0.101 | ||
39 | 0.0052 | 0.132 | 0.0043 | 0.109 | 0.00353 | 0.09 | ||
40 | 0.0048 | 0.122 | 0.00386 | 0.098 | 0.00314 | 0.08 | ||
41 | 0.0044 | 0.112 | 0.00343 | 0.087 | 0.0028 | 0.071 | ||
42 | 0.004 | 0.102 | 0.00306 | 0.078 | 0.00249 | 0.063 | ||
43 | 0.0036 | 0.091 | 0.00272 | 0.069 | 0.00222 | 0.056 | ||
44 | 0.0032 | 0.081 | 0.00242 | 0.061 | 0.00198 | 0.05 | ||
45 | 0.0028 | 0.071 | 0.00215 | 0.055 | 0.00176 | 0.048 | ||
46 | 0.0024 | 0.061 | 0.00192 | 0.049 | 0.00157 | 0.046 | ||
47 | 0.002 | 0.051 | 0.0017 | 0.043 | 0.0014 | 0.035 | ||
48 | 0.0016 | 0.041 | 0.00152 | 0.039 | 0.00124 | 0.032 | ||
49 | 0.0012 | 0.03 | 0.00135 | 0.034 | 0.00111 | 0.028 | ||
50 | 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.0012 | 0.03 | 0.00099 | 0 |
Özdirenç, çeşitli malzemelerin elektriksel direnç özelliklerini temsil etmek için kullanılan fiziksel bir niceliktir. Belirli bir malzemeden yapılmış, 1 metre uzunluğunda, 1 milimetrekare kesit alanına sahip ve oda sıcaklığında (20 ℃) bir telin direncine bu malzemenin özdirenci denir.
Ohm Kanunu'na göre: R=PL/S, iletkenin direnci hesaplanabilir. R ohm cinsinden dirençtir. P, ohm-metre cinsinden dirençtir ve iletkenin malzemesi ile ilgilidir. L, iletkenin metre cinsinden uzunluğudur. S, iletkenin metrekare cinsinden kesit alanıdır.
Gösterge | İnç | Çap | Crosssect.Area | İletkenDirenci DCR@20 ℃ | Ağırlık | ||||
AWG | mils | mm | Circ.mils | Sq.mm | ohm/M | Ohm/km | Lbs./m | kg/km | |
40 | 0.0031 | 3.1 | 0.079 | 9.6 | 0.0049 | 1080 | 3540 | 0.0291 | 0.0433 |
39 | 0.0035 | 3.5 | 0.089 | 12.3 | 0.0062 | 847 | 2780 | 0.0371 | 0.0552 |
38 | 0.004 | 4 | 0.102 | 16 | 0.0081 | 648 | 2130 | 0.0484 | 0.72 |
37 | 0.0045 | 4.5 | 0.114 | 20.3 | 0.0103 | 512 | 1680 | 0.0613 | 0.0912 |
36 | 0.005 | 5 | 0.127 | 25 | 0.0127 | 415 | 1360 | 0.0757 | 0.113 |
35 | 0.0056 | 5.6 | 0.142 | 31.4 | 0.0159 | 331 | 1080 | 0.0949 | 0.141 |
34 | 0.0063 | 6.3 | 0.16 | 39.7 | 0.0201 | 261 | 857 | 0.12 | 0.179 |
33 | 0.0071 | 7.1 | 0.18 | 50.4 | 0.0255 | 206 | 675 | 0.153 | 0.228 |
32 | 0.008 | 8 | 0.203 | 64 | 0.0324 | 162 | 532 | 0.194 | 0.289 |
31 | 0.0089 | 8.9 | 0.226 | 79.2 | 0.0401 | 131 | 430 | 0.24 | 0.357 |
30 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.254 | 100 | 0.0507 | 104 | 340 | 0.303 | 0.451 |
29 | 0.0113 | 11.3 | 0.287 | 128 | 0.0649 | 81.2 | 266 | 0.387 | 0.576 |
28 | 0.0126 | 12.6 | 0.32 | 159 | 0.0806 | 65.3 | 214 | 0.481 | 0.716 |
27 | 0.0142 | 14.2 | 0.361 | 202 | 0.102 | 51.4 | 169 | 0.61 | 0.908 |
26 | 0.0159 | 15.9 | 0.404 | 253 | 0.128 | 41 | 135 | 0.765 | 1.14 |
25 | 0.0179 | 17.9 | 0.455 | 320 | 0.162 | 32.4 | 106 | 0.97 | 1.44 |
24 | 0.0201 | 20.1 | 0.511 | 404 | 0.205 | 25.7 | 84.2 | 1.22 | 1.82 |
23 | 0.0266 | 22.6 | 0.574 | 511 | 0.259 | 20.3 | 66.6 | 1.55 | 2.31 |
22 | 0.0253 | 25.3 | 0.643 | 640 | 0.324 | 16.2 | 53.2 | 1.94 | 2.89 |
21 | 0.0285 | 28.5 | 0.724 | 812 | 0.411 | 12.8 | 41.9 | 2.46 | 3.66 |
20 | 0.032 | 32 | 0.813 | 1020 | 0.519 | 10.1 | 33.2 | 3.1 | 4.61 |
19 | 0.0359 | 35.9 | 0.912 | 1290 | 0.653 | 8.05 | 26.4 | 3.9 | 5.8 |
18 | 0.0403 | 40.3 | 1.02 | 1620 | 0.823 | 6.39 | 21 | 4.92 | 7.32 |
17 | 0.0453 | 45.3 | 1.15 | 2050 | 1.04 | 5.05 | 16.6 | 6.21 | 9.24 |
16 | 0.0508 | 50.8 | 1.29 | 2580 | 1.31 | 4.02 | 13.2 | 7.81 | 11.6 |
15 | 0.0571 | 57.1 | 1.45 | 3260 | 1.65 | 3.18 | 10.4 | 9.87 | 14.7 |
14 | 0.0641 | 64.1 | 1.63 | 4110 | 20.8 | 2.52 | 8.28 | 12.4 | 18.5 |
13 | 0.072 | 72 | 1.83 | 5180 | 2.63 | 2 | 6.56 | 15.7 | 23.4 |
12 | 0.0808 | 80.8 | 2.05 | 6530 | 3.31 | 1.59 | 5.21 | 19.8 | 29.5 |
11 | 0.0907 | 90.7 | 2.3 | 8230 | 4.17 | 1.26 | 4.14 | 24.9 | 37.1 |
10 | 0.1019 | 101.9 | 2.588 | 10380 | 5.26 | 0.9988 | 3.23 | 31.4 | 46.8 |
9 | 0.1144 | 114.4 | 2.906 | 13090 | 6.63 | 0.7925 | 2.6 | 39.6 | 59 |
8 | 0.1285 | 128.5 | 3.265 | 16510 | 8.37 | 0.6281 | 2.061 | 50 | 74.4 |
7 | 0.1443 | 144.3 | 3.655 | 20820 | 10.55 | 0.4981 | 1.634 | 63 | 93.8 |
6 | 0.162 | 162 | 4.115 | 26240 | 13.3 | 0.3952 | 1.296 | 79.4 | 118 |
5 | 0.1819 | 181.9 | 4.62 | 33090 | 16.77 | 0.3134 | 1.028 | 100 | 149 |
4 | 0.2043 | 204.3 | 5.189 | 41740 | 21.15 | 0.2485 | 0.8152 | 126 | 188 |
3 | 0.2294 | 229.4 | 5.827 | 52620 | 26.67 | 0.1917 | 0.6466 | 159 | 237 |
2 | 0.2576 | 257.6 | 6.543 | 66360 | 33.62 | 0.1563 | 0.5128 | 201 | 299 |
1 | 0.2893 | 289.3 | 7.348 | 83690 | 42.41 | 0.1239 | 0.4065 | 253 | 377 |
1/0 | 0.3249 | 324.9 | 8.252 | 105600 | 53.49 | 0.03925 | 0.3223 | 319 | 476 |
2/0 | 0.3648 | 364.8 | 9.266 | 133100 | 67.43 | 0.07793 | 0.2557 | 403 | 599 |
3/0 | 0.4096 | 409.6 | 10.4 | 167800 | 85.01 | 0.06182 | 0.2028 | 508 | 756 |
4/0 | 0.46 | 460 | 11.68 | 211600 | 107.22 | 0.04901 | 0.1608 | 641 | 953 |
AWG | Çap | Alan | Ağırlık Kg/km | No./mm | |||||
Mils | mm | C.M. | içinde2 | mm2 | |||||
1 | 289.3 | 7.348 | 83.694 | 0.06573 | 42.41 | 377 | 1/7.349 | ||
8.508 | 379 | 19/1.690 | |||||||
8.500 | 379 | 37/1.210 | |||||||
8.480 | 377 | 61/0.941 | |||||||
2 | 257.6 | 6.544 | 66.358 | 0.05212 | 33.63 | 299 | 1/6544 | ||
7.410 | 299 | 7/2.474 | |||||||
7.551 | 299 | 19/1.502 | |||||||
7.590 | 302 | 37/1.080 | |||||||
4 | 204.3 | 5.189 | 41.738 | 0.03278 | 21.15 | 188 | 1/5.190 | ||
5.960 | 188 | 7/1.962 | |||||||
5.991 | 188 | 19/1.191 | |||||||
5.992 | 188 | 37/0.854 | |||||||
6.032 | 188 | 133/0.450 | |||||||
6.036 | 192.2 | 420/0.254 | |||||||
6 | 162 | 4.115 | 26.244 | 0.0 2061 | 13.3 | 118.2 | 1/4.116 | ||
4.770 | 119.0 | 7/1.560 | |||||||
4.829 | 120.0 | 19/0.950 | |||||||
4.749 | 118.0 | 37/0.677 | |||||||
4.803 | 121.0 | 266/0.254 | |||||||
8 | 128.5 | 3.264 | 16.512 | 0.01297 | 8.368 | 74.39 | 1/3.265 | ||
3.690 | 74.43 | 7/1.234 | |||||||
3.771 | 74.60 | 19/0.749 | |||||||
3.760 | 74.40 | 37/0.537 | |||||||
3.783 | 75.00 | 133/0.284 | |||||||
10 | 101.9 | 2.588 | 10.384 | 0.008156 | 5.262 | 46.78 | 1/2.589 | ||
2.961 | 46.94 | 7/0.980 | |||||||
3.005 | 47.40 | 19/0.595 | |||||||
3.017 | 47.80 | 105/0.254 | |||||||
2.974 | 46.40 | 259/0.160 | |||||||
12 | 80.81 | 2.053 | 6.53 | 0.005129 | 3.309 | 29.42 | 1/2.053 | ||
2.325 | 29.43 | 7/0.776 | |||||||
2.371 | 29.37 | 19/0.471 | |||||||
2.365 | 29.58 | 65/0.254 | |||||||
2.395 | 30.10 | 168/0.160 | |||||||
14 | 64.08 | 1.628 | 4.106 | 0.003225 | 2.081 | 18.50 | 1/1.630 | ||
1.845 | 18.53 | 7/0.616 | |||||||
1.877 | 18.50 | 19/0.374 | |||||||
1.885 | 18.66 | 41/0.254 | |||||||
1.894 | 18.81 | 105/0.160 | |||||||
16 | 50.82 | 1.291 | 2.583 | 0.00 2029 | 1.309 | 11.64 | 1/1.291 | ||
1.464 | 11.67 | 7/0.488 | |||||||
1.502 | 11.83 | 26/0.254 | |||||||
1.483 | 11.65 | 65/0.160 | |||||||
18 | 40.3 | 1.024 | 1.624 | 0.001275 | 0.8226 | 7.321 | 1/1.024 | ||
1.192 | 7.434 | 7/0.390 | |||||||
1.178 | 7.280 | 16/0.254 | |||||||
1.212 | 7.540 | 34/0.180 | |||||||
1.163 | 7.160 | 41/0.160 | |||||||
20 | 30 | 0.8118 | 1.021 | 0.0008019 | 0.5174 | 4.60 | 1/0.813 | ||
0.9600 | 4.70 | 7/0.310 | |||||||
0.9421 | 4.65 | 21/0.180 | |||||||
0.9305 | 4.54 | 26/0.160 | |||||||
22 | 25.35 | 0.6439 | 624.6 | 0.0005047 | 0.3256 | 2.895 | 1/0.645 | ||
0.7650 | 3.186 | 7/0.254 | |||||||
0.7524 | 2.970 | 17/0.160 | |||||||
24 | 20.1 | 0.5106 | 404 | 0.0003173 | 0.2047 | 1.820 | 1/0.511 | ||
0.6000 | 1.060 | 7/0.200 | |||||||
0.60525 | 1.920 | 11/0.160 | |||||||
26 | 15.94 | 0.40490 | 254.1 | 0.0001996 | 0.1288 | 1.145 | 1/0.404 | ||
0.47400 | 1.223 | 7/0.160 | |||||||
28 | 12.64 | 0.32110 | 159.8 | 0.0001255 | 0.08097 | 0.7198 | 1/0.322 | ||
0.38100 | 0.7903 | 7/0.127 | |||||||
30 | 10.03 | 0.25480 | 100.6 | 0.0007901 | 0.05097 | 0.4531 | 1/0.254 | ||
0.30000 | 0.4900 | 7/0.100 | |||||||
32 | 7.950 | 0. 2091 0 | 63.20 | 0.00004964 | 0.03203 | 0.2847 | 7/0.080 | ||
34 | 6.305 | 0.16010 | 39.75 | 0.00003122 | 0.0 2014 | 0.1790 | 1/0.161 | ||
36 | 5 | 0.12700 | 25 | 0.00001963 | 0.01267 | 0.1126 | 1/0.128 | ||
38 | 3.965 | 0. 1007 | 15.72 | 0.00001235 | 0.007968 | 0.07084 | 1/0.102 | ||
40 | 3.145 | 0.07987 | 9.891 | 0.000007768 | 0.00 2012 | 0.04456 | 1/0.080 |